SODIUM FLUORIDE FOR ANALYSIS EMSURE ACS,ISO,REAG. PH EUR
Sodium fluoride
CAS: 7681-49-4
Molecular Formula: FNa
SODIUM FLUORIDE FOR ANALYSIS EMSURE ACS,ISO,REAG. PH EUR - Names and Identifiers
SODIUM FLUORIDE FOR ANALYSIS EMSURE ACS,ISO,REAG. PH EUR - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | FNa |
| Molar Mass | 41.99 |
| Density | 1.02g/mLat 20°C |
| Melting Point | 993 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 1700 °C |
| Flash Point | 1704°C |
| Water Solubility | 4 g/100 mL (25 ºC) |
| Solubility | H2O: 0.5M at20°C, clear, colorless |
| Vapor Presure | 1.4 mm Hg ( 0 °C) |
| Appearance | powder |
| Specific Gravity | 2.558 |
| Color | White to off-white |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 2.5 mg/m3NIOSH: IDLH 250 mg/m3; TWA 2.5 mg/m3 |
| Merck | 14,8618 |
| PH | 7.0-10.0 (25℃, 0.5M in H2O) |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Stability | Stable. Hydrolyzed by water. Reacts with mineral acids to generate highly toxic hydrogen fluoride. Incompatible with glass. |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Refractive Index | 1.336 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Characteristics of colorless bright crystals or white powder, belonging to tetragonal crystal system, there are six or octahedral crystal. melting point 993 ℃ boiling point 1695 ℃ relative density 2.558 solubility slightly soluble in alcohol; Soluble in water, acidic aqueous solution, soluble in hydrofluoric acid to form sodium fluoride. |
| Use | Used as disinfectants, antiseptics, pesticides, also used in enamel, wood anti-corrosion, medicine, metallurgy and fluoride, etc |
SODIUM FLUORIDE FOR ANALYSIS EMSURE ACS,ISO,REAG. PH EUR - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R25 - Toxic if swallowed R32 - Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R22 - Harmful if swallowed |
| Safety Description | S23 - Do not breathe vapour. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S22 - Do not breathe dust. |
| UN IDs | UN 1690 6.1/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | WB0350000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 10 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 2826 19 10 |
| Hazard Note | Toxic/Hygroscopic |
| Hazard Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 0.18 g/kg (Smyth) |
SODIUM FLUORIDE FOR ANALYSIS EMSURE ACS,ISO,REAG. PH EUR - Upstream Downstream Industry
SODIUM FLUORIDE FOR ANALYSIS EMSURE ACS,ISO,REAG. PH EUR - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless, White cubic or square crystal or powder. Melting point 993 deg C; Boiling point 1 740 deg C; d2. 78. Soluble in water, the solubility in water (g/lOOmL): 4.O(15 °c), 4.3(25 °c), 5.O (100 °c). The aqueous solution is alkaline and corrosive to glass. Insoluble in ethanol. There are no specific combustion and explosion characteristics. Contact with acid or acid gas can produce toxic gases.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
SODIUM FLUORIDE FOR ANALYSIS EMSURE ACS,ISO,REAG. PH EUR - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
sodium fluoride precipitates are generated by adding sodium hydroxide or carbonic acid solution to hydrofluoric acid. The precipitate was suction-filtered and dried to obtain pure sodium fluoride.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:03:17
SODIUM FLUORIDE FOR ANALYSIS EMSURE ACS,ISO,REAG. PH EUR - Use
Open Data Verified Data
determination of scandium by microanalysis and determination of phosphorus by photoelectric colorimetry. Also used in blood tests and as masking agents, preservatives.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:03:17
SODIUM FLUORIDE FOR ANALYSIS EMSURE ACS,ISO,REAG. PH EUR - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
rat light-oral LDso:0.18g/kg. Sodium fluoride dust and vapors are irritating to the skin and eyes. Staff should be protected. If the skin and eyes are touched, they should be immediately rinsed with plenty of water. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep the container sealed. It shall be stored separately from oxidant, acid and edible chemical raw materials, and shall not be mixed for storage and transportation.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:03:18
SODIUM FLUORIDE FOR ANALYSIS EMSURE ACS,ISO,REAG. PH EUR - Reference Information
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Ionic compound | sodium fluoride is an ionic compound with the molecular formula NaF. Room temperature for colorless crystals or white solid, no smell; Aqueous solution is weak alkaline, soluble in hydrofluoric acid into sodium fluoride, can corrode glass. Sodium fluoride is an important fluoride salt, which is widely used in wood preservative, wine bactericide, electrolytic aluminum regulator, dental fluoride and other fields. |
| preparation method | 1, fluosilicic acid-soda ash method a, two-step method step 1, NH4HCO3 was reacted with H2SiF6 to form NH4F solution and SiO2 precipitate. The reaction scheme is as follows: H2SiF6 +6NH4HCO3 → SiO2 + 6NH4F +6CO2 ++ + H2O In the second step, NaF is prepared by reacting Na2CO3 with NH4F solution. The reaction scheme is as follows: 2NH4F + Na2CO3 → 2NaF +(NH4)2CO3 B, one-step The process flow of one-step production of sodium fluoride from fluosilicic acid is as follows: The reaction equation is as follows: H2SiF6(l)+3 Na2CO3(l)+(x-1) H2O(l)→ SiO2 • xH2O(s) + 6NaF(s) +3CO2(g) The specific process is as follows: the molar ratio of soda ash to fluorosilicic acid is n(Na2CO3)/n(H2SiF6)= 6.0, the reaction temperature was 90~95 ℃, and the reaction time was 90~40 ℃ ~ 120 min, the solution pH was 5.0~5.5. The products produced by this process have good appearance and good quality. Raw materials are mostly sodium fluosilicate, a by-product of a phosphate fertilizer plant, which is low in price and easy to purchase. The chemical reaction in the production process is mild, and the corrosion problem of the equipment is much smaller than that of the previous methods. When the process conditions are well controlled, the quality of silica is close to that of white carbon black, which can be sold as low-grade white carbon black. "Three wastes" emissions, in addition to carbon dioxide gas escape, no other waste water and solid waste discharge, is an environment-friendly production process. This process is also the main process for the production of sodium fluoride in China. 2. Ammonium fluoride soda ash method after dissolving soda ash and ammonium fluoride respectively, mix them in proportion, heat the mixture, raise the temperature to 300 ° C., and stir until the ammonia is removed. The reaction formula is as follows: Na2CO3 + 2NH4F → 2NaF + CO2 ++ 2NH3 The advantage of this process is that the process is simple, and the biggest disadvantage is that the production cost is too high, at present, the price of ammonium fluoride is much higher than that of sodium fluoride. 3. Leaching method This method is the earliest production method of sodium fluoride. That is, fluorite, soda ash and quartz sand are calcined at high temperature (~ 900 ℃), then leached with water, and then evaporated, crystallized and dried to obtain the finished product. Chemical reaction formula: CaF2 + Na2CO3 + SiO2 → NaF + CaSiO3 + CO2 The process flow of this method is shown as follows: This process requires low raw materials, and the raw materials are cheap. But the production cost of the product is not low, the main reason is that the process has the following disadvantages: 1) the reaction of the material is incomplete, the yield is not high; 2) the solubility of sodium fluoride in water is very small, and with the temperature change is not big, resulting in leaching rate is very low; 3) high calcination temperature, resulting in hard sintered block, not easy to crush, also cause leaching difficulties; 4) energy consumption is too high, lead to high production costs; 5) the production process of environmental pollution. The law has been basically eliminated. 4. Hydrofluoric acid neutralization method hydrofluoric acid neutralization method is sodium fluoride prepared by neutralizing hydrofluoric acid with soda ash or caustic soda. The production process is as follows: hydrofluoric acid with a mass fraction of 40% is added to the lead-made reaction kettle, and then soda ash or caustic soda solution is slowly added to neutralize until the reaction solution is neutral. Then the product is obtained by crystallization, centrifugal dehydration and drying. The reaction formula is: Na2CO3 + 2HF → 2NaF + H2O + CO2 The Process Flow is as follows: neutralization method is also a commonly used method, is a more mature process. The process is simple and the product quality is stable. However, there is a serious problem of equipment corrosion, so the requirements for the material of the equipment are very high. Neutralization method using hydrofluoric acid or hydrogen fluoride as raw material, the production cost is higher, at this stage has been lack of market competitiveness. 5. Ion exchange method sodium fluoride is prepared by treating a sodium ion exchange column with hydrofluoric acid. 6. Improvement method of fluosilicic acid: (1) Ammonium bicarbonate reacts with fluosilicic acid to form NH4F solution and SiO2 precipitate. The reaction scheme is as follows: H2SiF6 +6NH4HCO3 → 6NH4F + SiO2 ↓ +6CO2 ++ 4H2O SiO2 White Carbon Black by-product is obtained by washing and drying; NH4F solution is used to produce sodium fluoride. (2) preparation of NaF there are two ways to prepare NaF from NH4F solution: one is the reaction of sodium carbonate with NH4F, that is, the ammonium fluoride soda ash method; The other is the reaction of sodium chloride with NH4F, it may be referred to as the ammonium fluoride salt method. The reaction formulas of the two methods are as follows: 2NH4F + Na2CO3 → 2NaF +(NH4)2CO3 NH4F + NaCl → NaF + NH4Cl The preparation process is as follows: 7. Phosphorus fertilizer by-product fluorosilicic acid ammonification method This technology is pollution-free, clean process production, full cycle of process water, suitable for production of sodium fluoride products after treatment of fluorine-containing tail gas in phosphate fertilizer plant. The chemical reaction formula is as follows: H2SiF6 +6NH3 + 2H2O → 6NH4F + SiO2 ↓, NH4F + NaOH → NaF ↓ + NH3 + H2O. The process flow diagram is as follows: |
| pharmacological effects | 1. Fluoride ions bind to apatite crystals of teeth and bones to stabilize them and adhere to the enamel surface, increase the ability of anti-acid and anti-caries. It can directly act on bone cells, stimulate osteoblast proliferation and intracellular enzyme activity, and promote new bone formation, but mainly increase cancellous bone weight. In addition, it is also possible to combine with the crystals of the bone hydroxyphosphate to replace its hydroxyl groups to form more stable inorganic salts that are not easily dissolved and absorbed. Fluoride can make decalcification or calcification of incomplete enamel remineralization, enamel and bone firmness, calcium and phosphorus utilization are very important. 2. In the treatment of oral plaque, fluoride can inhibit cariogenic bacteria and has significant anti-caries effect. Fluoride can change the ecological environment of the oral cavity, which is not conducive to the growth of bacteria. It can also inhibit and affect the glycolysis process of bacteria, and affect the synthesis of intracellular and extracellular polysaccharides. Fluoride can inhibit the enzymatic hydrolysis of sugars by several ways. In the process of enzymatic hydrolysis of sugar, enolase can convert the intermediate 2-phosphate glycerol into phosphoenolpyruvate and then generate pyruvate, which is reduced to lactic acid. Enolase is very sensitive to fluorine, and a small amount of fluorine can inhibit its activity. Once enolase is inhibited, the conversion of phosphate pyruvate will be inhibited, and the acid production process will be terminated. 3. Fluoride can inhibit the uptake of glucose by bacteria, thus affecting the synthesis of intracellular polysaccharide and extracellular polysaccharide. Intracellular polysaccharides provide nutrients and energy sources for bacterial metabolism. Extracellular polysaccharides act as a matrix of plaque, and their synthesis is inhibited, which inhibits the formation of plaque. Fluoride can also inhibit the acid production ability of bacteria. |
| pharmacokinetics | fluoride salts dissolved in solution or rapidly dissolved are easily absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, after entering the body and stored in the bones and growing teeth, through the kidney by urinary excretion. Small amount was excreted with feces and sweat. In saliva, nails, hair containing small amounts. Fluoride can be transported via the placenta. |
| Toxicity Mechanism | 1. It can induce apoptosis, such as apoptosis of Leydig cells. 2. It can induce apoptosis of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. 3. It can inhibit Bcl-2 cell proliferation and induce apoptosis by regulating THP-1 mRNA expression and inhibiting α-naphthol acetate esterase activity. 4, can induce the apoptosis of CHL cells, and with the increase of the dose, the induction effect is enhanced. 5, does not cause CHL cell chromosome aberration, but will make L5178Y TK /-3.7.2c cell micronucleus rate increased significantly, these may be due to the high tolerance of L5178Y TK /-3.7.2c cells to the cytotoxicity of mutagens, while the relatively low tolerance to the cytotoxicity of mutagens in CHL cells is due to cell chromatin concentration, the DNA is destroyed and fails to undergo normal division to exhibit apoptosis. |
| adverse reaction | ingestion of sodium fluoride 5~20mg may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, adults take 5~10G once, children with a single intake of fluoride 5 mg/kg, may be fatal. Acute Fluoride excess can appear black asphalt stool, bloody vomiting, Diarrhea, drowsiness, syncope, increased saliva secretion; Due to low calcium caused by tetany, bone pain; Stomach spasm, tremor . Chronic fluoride overdose can also have the above-mentioned Melena, Vomit bloody substances, constipation, loss of appetite, Nausea Vomit, bone pain, limb stiffness, weight loss, enamel defects appear white, brown or black spots. And occasionally allergic skin rash and mucosal ulcer of lips. Treatment of excessive fluoride can be given intravenous glucose solution, sodium chloride injection and lime water gastric lavage to precipitate fluoride. If low calcium can be intravenous calcium gluconate, maintain adequate urine excretion. |
| note | 1, the use of sodium fluoride should strictly control the daily intake of fluoride, to prevent the generation of fluorosis; 2, sodium fluoride solution or gel should be placed in plastic containers; 3, high fluoride area patients, pregnant women, lactating women, osteomalacia and renal failure are prohibited. |
| Application | 1, can be used as degassing agent for high carbon steel, such as boiling steel, aluminum electrolysis or electrolytic refining flux, waterproof treatment of paper sheet, wood preservative (for pole with sodium fluoride and nitrocresol or dinitrophenol as base material and so on), dental Materials (drinking water, toothpaste, etc.), fungicides, pesticides, preservatives, etc. use; 2, for the lack of fluoride in drinking water area children to prevent dental caries and oral caries treatment; 3, small dose is mainly used for osteoporosis and Paget bone disease; 4, can be used as raw materials for the manufacture of other fluoride or fluoride chemical hydrogen fluoride absorbent; 5, can be used as a light metal fluoride treatment agent, smelting and refining protection agent, the nuclear industry used as UF3 adsorbent; 6, cleaning fluids, fluxes and fluxes for steel and other metals; 7, fluxes and opacifiers for ceramics, glass and enamel, hides and skins for the leather industry; 8, as a phosphating accelerator in the surface treatment of ferrous metals, the phosphating solution was stabilized and the performance of phosphating film was improved. 9 As an additive in the production of sealing materials and brake pads, it plays a role in increasing the wear resistance; 10 as an additive in concrete to enhance the corrosion resistance of concrete. |
| solubility in water (g/100ml) | grams dissolved per 100ml of water at different temperatures (℃): 3.66g/0 ℃;4.06g/20 ℃;4.22g/30 ℃;4.4g/40 ℃; 4.68g/60 ℃;4.89g/80 ℃;5.08g/100 ℃ |
| toxicity | This product is toxic, LD50180mg/kg. Can corrode the skin, stimulate the mucosa, long-term contact damage to the nervous system. Operators must wear work clothes, masks and gloves to prevent poisoning. |
| reference material | [1] Xu Jianguo, Zhou Zhenfeng, Ying Shengrong. Current status and development trend of sodium fluoride production technology in China [J]. Chemical production and technology, 2011, 18(3):18-21. [2] Chen Xianming, Chen Xirong. One-Step preparation of sodium fluoride from fluorosilicic acid [J]. Nonferrous metals science and engineering, 2011, 02(3):32-35. [3] Editor-in-chief of Wang's book. Dictionary of fine chemicals. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press. 1998. Page 192. [4] Feng Xiangbo. Production technology and industrialization of sodium fluoride [J]. Inorganic salt industry, 1994, (4):26- 28. [5] Chen Shaoping, Chen Zhuohui, Chen Peizhu. Handbook of oral clinical medicine. GUANGZHOU: South China University of Technology Press. 2005. [6] Zhou Yan, Zhang Suhui, Cheng Xiaoqin, etc. Genetic toxicity of sodium fluoride in vitro [J]. Environmental and Occupational Medicine. 2015,32(6): 584-588. [7] Xu Yuanzhen, ed. New full Practical Drug Handbook. ZHENGZHOU: Henan Science and Technology Publishing House. 2005. P. 900. |
| Use | determination of scandium in microanalysis, determination of phosphorus in photoelectric colorimetric, iron and steel analysis reagent, masking agent, preservatives used as disinfectants, preservatives, pesticides, also used in enamel, wood preservation, medicine, metallurgy and production of fluoride, etc. is mainly used for mechanical blades and cutter steel to enhance the welding strength. Secondly, it is used as wood preservative, brewing fungicide, agricultural insecticide (blue), medical preservative, welding flux, fluoride treatment agent for drinking water. It is also used in the production of other fluoride and casein gums, sodium fluoride toothpaste, as well as in the adhesives, paper and metallurgy industries. In the production of elemental fluorine, it is used to remove trace amounts of hydrogen fluoride. In addition, it is also used in enamel and pharmaceutical industries. as a food fortifier. China's provisions can be used for salt, the maximum use of 0.1g/kg. used as wood preservative, medical preservative, welding flux and paper industry, the products produced by the company are toothpaste specific grade; Can also be used as water purification agent for drinking water; Leather industry hide and skin treatment; refining and protective layer for light metal smelting; Anti-corrosion of cement; And manufacture of rimmed steel. as a phosphating accelerator in the coating industry, the phosphating solution is stable, the phosphating is refined, and the performance of the phosphating film is improved. Aluminum and its alloy phosphating in the closure of Al3 has a very harmful negative catalytic effect, so that the smooth phosphating of wood preservatives, agricultural pesticides, fungicides, Pharmaceutical preservatives, welding flux, alkaline zincate zinc additive and enamel, paper industry, etc. |
| production method | The fluorite, soda ash and quartz sand are calcined at high temperature (800~900 ℃), it is then leached with water and then evaporated, crystallized and dried to obtain a finished product. CaF2 + Na2CO3 + SiO2 → 2NaF + CaSi03 + C02 ↑ neutralization method hydrofluoric acid is neutralized with soda ash or caustic soda, 2HF + Na2CO3 → 2NaF + H2O + CO2 in the neutralization pot, dissolve the soda ash with the mother liquor, then add 30% hydrofluoric acid to neutralize to pH 8~9, and there is CO2 gas to escape, hydrofluoric acid often contains fluosilicic acid impurities, and generates sodium fluosilicate after neutralization; In 90~95 ℃: under heating 1H, sodium fluosilicate decomposition: na2SiF6 +2Na2CO3 → 6NaF + SiO2 +2C02 ↑ during neutralization, the pH value shall not be less than 8, otherwise the sodium fluorosilicate is difficult to be decomposed by alkali. The neutralized solution is left for 1H, and the clear solution is concentrated and then cooled to precipitate sodium fluoride crystals, after centrifugal separation, drying, grinding to obtain the finished product. Sodium fluosilicate method from wet-process phosphoric acid and phosphate fertilizer by-product of fluosilicic acid, according to conventional methods can be prepared 99.87% of sodium fluosilicate. Under the conditions of 84~95 ℃ and 0.15MPa, the reaction was carried out for 160 ~ 180min with an excess of 5%~ 8% of alkaline solution. (PH 8 to 9), sodium fluoride was generated. Na2SiF6 +2Na2Co3 → 6NaF + SiO2 +2C02 ↑ after the neutralized liquid is clarified by static, the clear liquid is concentrated by evaporation, cooled and crystallized, and then washed with 50~60 ℃ hot water, indirect drying to obtain the finished product. by neutralization method, soda ash (dissolved in mother liquor) is added to the reactor, and then the prepared 30% hydrofluoric acid solution is pumped into the reactor, and the addition of acid is stopped when the pH value reaches 8-9, stir to react, to Ph>8~9, add acid to Ph 8~9, if no carbon dioxide bubble escape is the end point. The reaction solution was allowed to stand for 1H, and then centrifuged, dried and pulverized to obtain a sodium fluoride finished product. The 2HF + Na2CO3 → 2NaF + H2 + CO2 ↑ melting leaching method fluorite, soda ash and quartz sand in 800~900 ℃, then water leaching, filtration, the filtrate was evaporated, after crystallization and drying, the sodium fluoride product was obtained. The CaF2 + Na2CO3 + SiO2 → 2NaF + CaSiO3 + CO2 + sodium fluosilicate method is used to mix sodium fluosilicate and sodium carbonate prepared from waste gas of phosphate fertilizer plant at a molar ratio of 1:2 and react at about 80 ℃, sodium fluoride crystals and silica gel were precipitated, and then sodium hydroxide was added to dissolve the silica gel into soluble silicate (Na2O · 2SiO2 ~ Na2O · 3sio2). After filtration and drying, the sodium fluoride product was prepared. Na2SiF6 +2Na2CO3 + H2O → 6NaF + SiO2 · H2O +2CO2 |
| category | pesticide |
| toxicity grade | high toxicity |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 52 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 57 mg/kg |
| stimulation data | eyes-rabbits 20 mg/24 h moderate |
| flammability hazard characteristics | non-combustible; Toxic hydrogen fluoride gas emitted in case of acid; toxic fluoride and sodium oxide fumes from heat |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; It is stored separately from oxidants and food additives |
| Occupational Standard | TLV-TWA 2.5 mg (fluorine)/m3; Tel 5 mg (fluorine)/M3 |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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